How to Diagnose and Treat ADHD
Many people think ADHD is a normal child's issue but it can affect adults. Being diagnosed and treated for ADHD can help improve the quality of life for a person.
Interviewing the individual and their family members could be a part of a diagnostic for ADHD. The specialist could look through the school records from the past to determine whether symptoms began in childhood.
Symptoms
Everyone struggles with concentration and staying well-organized from time to time However, for those who suffers from ADHD the issues can be a hindrance with work, school and home life. A person must exhibit major symptoms in two of these areas and that they significantly affect the way they function in their daily lives to be diagnosed with ADHD. The symptoms must also have been present for at least six months.
To establish a diagnosis doctors will speak with the patient about their symptoms and inquire about their family history and medical conditions. They can also use rating scales that measure a child's or adult's symptoms. These questionnaires are based on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition (DSM-5). These questionnaires ask about symptoms such as inattention, hyperactivity, and an impulsive nature.
Adults may be asked to talk to their spouse or someone they know well. This isn't to doubt the authenticity of the person, but rather to gain insight into a person's behavior that can't be gathered from an interview. adhd adult diagnosis uk is also possible to inquire about their childhood behavior, and look at the old school records to determine whether the signs started before the age of 12.
Before determining a diagnosis, the doctor will conduct an examination and lab tests to rule out any other health conditions, such as head injuries or thyroid issues which can trigger similar symptoms. The doctor will also go over the patient's medications. Certain medications for depression, high blood pressure and other conditions can be a trigger for stimulants, so the doctor will consider these when recommending treatments. It is essential that adults talk with their primary healthcare provider if they suspect they may have ADHD.
Diagnosis
To be diagnosed with ADHD symptoms must be present in more than one setting (like school, home and at work) and significantly interfere with functioning. The symptoms must have appeared before the age of 12 and must not be caused by another disorder such as depression or anxiety.
A mental health professional or doctor will employ a variety of tools during the assessment, including ADHD symptoms checklists as well as standardized behavior rating scales and a thorough history. They can also speak with family members or friends to determine what the symptoms have done to them. They'll ask if the symptoms are similar to those of other psychiatric conditions or physical ailments.
Evaluators will take into account whether symptoms are mild or severe. They will also examine the patient's medical and familial history to determine if there is any underlying causes for their issue like thyroid disorders or head injuries.
In some cases the evaluator may want to conduct cognitive testing or ask the person to take an imaging test in order to rule out other causes for their symptoms like learning disabilities. People suffering from these disorders often present very differently from those who do not suffer from them. For example, boys tend to show hyperactive symptoms and girls inattentive symptoms.
A few people suffering from ADHD are interested in participating in a clinical study to test new treatments. While this is a great opportunity to contribute to further research, it is crucial for participants to realize that the primary purpose of these studies is to acquire scientific knowledge and do not necessarily guarantee they will receive treatment. For more information about clinical trials, please visit NIMH's Clinical Trials fact sheet.
Treatment
For a person who suspects they have ADHD, it's important to find a professional who is experienced in diagnosing the disorder. Contact your health insurance company to inquire if ADHD specialists will be covered. You can also ask family doctors or other healthcare professionals for recommendations. Word-of-mouth recommendations are an option.
A doctor will ask the patient - or parents in the case of children - about their issues. She may use standardized questionnaires or ADHD symptoms checklists, and request information from other people in the patient's life, like spouses and family members. Personal insight often uncovers more than what can be learned from questionnaires.
A specialist will also need to examine any records that the individual may have, including old school reports. The diagnosis of ADHD is based on a person's history, and to be able to identify the condition, symptoms must be present since the age of a child (technically before age 12).
A physical exam is also usually done. It's also examined for any other medical issues which could cause symptoms, like seizures or thyroid issues. A neurological exam is typically performed by a specialist to test motor control and coordination. Psychological tests, which are designed to assess intelligence and ability, might be utilized as well. A person could be required to complete simple computer tasks designed to test attention and memory. This can help the expert determine if a person is hyperactive, inattentive or an impulsive. The expert will choose the best treatment plan and then make an appropriate diagnosis. Typically, the treatment plan includes therapy and medication. Psychotherapy or talk therapy can aid children and adults in learning healthy ways to cope and change unhelpful thought patterns. This therapy can be done by a primary care physician, or a mental health professional who specializes in adult ADHD.
Medication
Many people suffering from ADHD improve their condition by taking medications, however it's not the only option to treat the condition. Psychotherapy, behavioral therapy or a combination of both can be beneficial to children, teens, and adults. These therapies assist them to cope and cope with their ADHD symptoms. They can include psychoeducation, which is education about ADHD and ways to manage it. They can include teachers, family members and professionals.
It is essential to find a medical professional or mental health professional who has experience treating ADHD. You can request recommendations from other people with ADHD or from a mental health professional you already know, or conduct an online search. It's best to find an expert who is familiar with your insurance plan.
To determine if your child has ADHD or other disorders, your health professional will inquire about your your child's symptoms as well as the problems caused by them. They will conduct a physical examination and check for any other health conditions that may cause similar symptoms. They will go over the medical and family history of your child or you, as well as school records and other reports.
The American Psychiatric Association's (DSM-V) that is primarily designed to diagnose children is more difficult time diagnosing ADHD in adults. Your doctor may interview you or your children about the symptoms and request that other people who spend lots of time with them to fill out checklists and questionnaires. They will use these to help them decide whether you or your child has inattentive ADHD, hyperactive-impulsive ADHD, combined ADHD or unspecified ADHD. The medications used to treat ADHD include stimulants such as methylphenidate and lisdexamfetamine as well as non-stimulants such as atomoxetine and certain antidepressants. They help by increasing levels of brain chemicals, known as neurotransmitters.
Counseling
Many people who suffer from ADHD have comorbid disorders such as depression or anxiety. Treatment should therefore include therapy that targets these issues. Certain patients might benefit from cognitive behavioral therapy, which helps develop skills like time and task control, emotional self-regulation and impulse control.
Therapists can also help patients manage their symptoms by altering their lifestyle. Regular exercise can help reduce hyperactivity and improve concentration. A healthier diet is important as well. People with ADHD tend to consume more fat and sugar, and less fruits and vegetables. In addition, making relationships with family and friends prioritizing relationships can reduce stress levels and allow people to feel more in control of their lives.
Another benefit of an ADHD diagnosis is that it can give adults and children an understanding comprehension of their issues. A child with ADHD might have difficulty communicating their demands to their teachers or other peers. Once a teacher realizes that this is not a personal issue or because of their inability to communicate, they can make accommodations.
A professional who is evaluating ADHD will ask questions geared to the person's age, interview family and teachers, review medical records, and look for any comorbid conditions. If ADHD symptoms first started before age school records could be helpful for adults.
The specialist will also check for any hearing or vision problems with hearing or vision. The doctor may also do an analysis of blood to check for certain hormones as well as other health conditions that can cause ADHD-like symptoms.